Philosophies- free Journal entry

I want to tell somthing the impact of philosophy on education. There are lots of philosophical thoughts on earth.  Some of them are idealism, realism, pragmatism, nihilism etc.  But actually their names change when they are put into effect. In education, the most known movements are perennialism, essentialism, progressivism and existentialism.  According to essentialism, education should be based on organized knowledge, skills and phenomenon (Alberty-Alberty, p.44).  In this movement, it is believed that education needs hardworking.  Discipline is the center of this idea. It should be taught before everything. It helps the child learn how to overcome the things that have seemed difficult in the beginning. Essentialism gives importance to the knowledge that occurs in the past.  The head of the class is the teacher. The student should listen and learn what is taught. Existentialism is not like essentialism. It is believed that each individual human being is free. Each of them has his own mind.  The child should know himself. Socrates says ‘Know Thyself.’ The basics of existentialism can be understood from the sentence. Individualism is the most important thing in this idea. Each person should make their own decisions. The child should learn how to take responsibilities.  When time comes to talk about perennialism, it can be said it is the strictest one. Perennialists think the true knowledge is the past knowledge.  They think the accumulated knowledge should be passed through generations. In this movement the teacher is the authority. The teacher should pass down the past knowledge.  The child should learn what is taught.  The child should be prepared for real life. Classics are the supply of this idea. The child should be taught with classics. It’s time to handle progressivism now.  This idea comes from pragmatism. Progressivist philosophers try to maintain the educative process. In this movement individual experience is important contrary to perennialism. Everything is in a changing circumstance.  Think about Heraclitus. "Ever-newer waters flow on those who step into the same rivers.” Everything is in a process. Nothing is the same as in the past.  In progressivism problem solving is an important matter.  The teacher should help the child develop problem solving skills. He should help the child find its own way.  Group working should be practiced to teach the child how to become a democratic individual.  In class the child is in the center. The teacher should be a source of knowledge for the child.  Contrary to perennialism, the child’s interest is very important.  The child learns what he wants.